The idea of establishing a museum in the city of Slatina appeared in the period immediately following the First World War, through the initiative of passionate intellectuals and amateur owners.

In 1930, Ioan Ionașcu, the director of the "Preda Buzescu" Normal School in Slatina, addressed an emotional call to "all intellectuals and lovers of the clarification of the Olten past" requesting the provision of historical objects and documents for the establishment of an ethnographic museum.

The call was received with interest by the residents of Olt County, and in 1951, the Committee for Cultural Settlements decided to establish the Slatina District Museum.

Professor Ion Moroșanu was appointed director of the museum, and he began to collect objects and documents from the entire county.

In 1952, the museum was officially opened in the house of lawyer Ion I. Florescu, who donated part of his collection.

In 1953, the museum received approval to employ two people: a guide and a caretaker.

Currently, the Olt County Museum houses a rich collection of objects and documents illustrating the history and culture of the county.